Guides.
Checked against the research they cite.
For everyone who sets a quiz: how to write questions that measure, which shape to use, what stops cheating, and what the results say about the teaching. Each guide opens with the answer.
Writing questions that measure
A hallucinated fact in a generated question: how to catch it
What studies say about how often language models state false things, what grounding in your own material changes, and a five-step read that catches a false fact.
School teachers · Lecturers
A test blueprint: how to weight topics and levels of thinking
Write a test blueprint for a class or course test: weight topics by teaching time and levels by the outcomes, turn weights into points, then check the paper.
School teachers · Lecturers
Audio and video quiz questions: captions and transcripts
What accessibility guidelines ask of recorded clips, what studies found, how exam bodies handle listening tests, and how to write a transcript that tells no answer.
School teachers · Lecturers
Can AI write good quiz questions? What to check before using them
What studies found when experts and real students met machine-written questions, a six-point check against your source, and what to do after the first sitting.
School teachers · Lecturers
How many options should a multiple-choice question have?
What the research says about three, four and five options, what a guess is worth at each count, and how your own results show which option to cut.
School teachers · Lecturers
How to set the difficulty of a quiz: targets and seven levers
How hard a quiz should be for practice, a grade or selection, what the research can and cannot tell you, and seven ways to move difficulty on purpose.
School teachers · Lecturers
How to turn lecture notes and slides into a quiz
Why slides are a thin source, how to prepare notes, how many questions one lecture supports, and how to read a drafted quiz against what you taught.
Lecturers · School teachers
How to write a quiz from your own handout in ten minutes
A ten-minute routine for turning tomorrow's handout into a short quiz, with a clock on each step and a checklist for every machine-written question.
School teachers
Is C really the most common answer? What the studies say
Where the right answer really sits in multiple-choice tests, what always picking C earns on a balanced or a middle-heavy key, and how to place a key yourself.
Everyone
Multiple choice is not the lazy option: what the evidence says
An opinion argued from published studies on what a well-written multiple-choice question measures, what it costs to write, and where the format falls short.
Everyone
Officiating exams: how to test referees and umpires on the laws
How a league or referees' society writes and runs its laws test: situational questions, four worked examples, a twenty-question blueprint, and the limits.
Administrators · Trainers and course creators
Question banks for a board: writing, reviewing and retiring items
How a small exam board builds and keeps an item bank: blueprint, item writing, review, unscored trial, statistics, reuse, drift and retirement, with a worked bank.
Administrators · Professionals
Quizzes that work with a screen reader: a teacher's guide
How a screen reader reads a quiz page, which question shapes carry over, how to describe a picture without the answer, what a clock does, and how to try it.
School teachers · Lecturers
The first multiple-choice test, 1914 to 1915, and what it was for
What the papers of 1912 to 1929 say about the first multiple-choice test, the Army tests, the scoring machine and the early criticisms, set against the legend.
Everyone
How many questions should a quiz or test have?
How long a quiz or test must be for practice, a grade or a pass decision, with the arithmetic of guessing, standard error, reliability and time.
School teachers · Lecturers
How to assess large classes: marking 500 scripts by rule
Which thinking a rule can mark and which needs a reader, with a worked fifty-minute paper for 500 students and the marking hours it costs.
Lecturers
How to write cloze and fill in the blank questions
Which words to blank, how many gaps a passage can carry, how to mark typed answers fairly, and what the research says a cloze passage really measures.
School teachers · Tutors
How to write good distractors for multiple-choice questions
Five places to find wrong answers that students really choose, how many to write, three checks to run before the quiz, and when the results say to retire one.
School teachers · Lecturers
How to write higher-order thinking questions (Bloom's taxonomy)
Write questions that need application, analysis or evaluation: what Bloom's taxonomy can and cannot tell you, a method, and one topic worked at three levels.
School teachers · Lecturers
How to write multiple-choice questions that measure
The rules for multiple-choice questions that the item-writing research supports, the flaws that change who passes, and a worked example you can copy.
School teachers · Lecturers
How to write short answer questions and a rubric to grade them
How to word a short answer question, write the model answer first, build an analytic rubric, mark it consistently, and what rubrics do for reliability.
School teachers · Lecturers
Matching questions: how to write them well
The rules for matching questions, why the last pair is usually free, how many options a set should carry, and how extended matching is used in medical exams.
School teachers · Lecturers
One-word answer questions and lists: how to mark spelling
What counts as the same typed answer, when a misspelling is a wrong answer, how list questions are marked in any order or in order, and how to word them.
School teachers · Tutors
Ordering and sequencing questions: how to write and score them
How to write ordering questions with one defensible sequence, and how six scoring methods mark the same two answers, with the arithmetic shown.
School teachers · Lecturers
Select all that apply questions: how to write and mark them
How to write select all that apply questions, what each scoring method rewards, the same answers marked three ways, and why ticking every box must not pay.
School teachers · Lecturers
Sorting questions: drag items into groups, and how to mark them
How to write sorting questions that test a category, what a blind sorter earns with two, three and four groups, and how to mark the reason for one placement.
School teachers · Lecturers
True or false questions: when they work and when they do not
When true or false questions measure something, how much a guess is worth, the rules for writing the statements, and how to mark them so luck does not pass.
School teachers · Tutors
Integrity and cheating
A webcam policy for remote exams: evidence and model wording
Why students object to a camera in exams, what makes monitoring feel fair, what regulators and courts have published, and model wording a course can adapt.
Lecturers · Administrators
AI detectors are not evidence: studies and false positives
What independent tests, the makers' own pages, universities, regulators and an adjudicator say about AI detector scores, and a fair procedure to use instead.
School teachers · Lecturers
AI policy for assessment: a template that names what counts
What exam boards, ministries and universities publish on AI in assessed work, the scales for permitted AI help, and a fill-in policy template to adapt.
School teachers · Lecturers
Appeals when a student is flagged: a fair process
What published procedures, an ombuds body's casework and research ask of a department after a quiz flags a student: seven steps, a decision table, restored marks.
Lecturers · Administrators
Assessment design after chatbots: what a department can change
What quality bodies and studies say about generative AI and assessment in higher education, what each secured format costs, and a one-year plan for a department.
Lecturers · Administrators
Cheating in online exams: what research since 2023 says
What studies since 2023 found about cheating in online exams: how common it is, what chatbots changed, what proctoring did, and how far to trust each figure.
School teachers · Lecturers
Collusion in online quizzes: what timing and answers can show
What a quiz record can and cannot show when two students may have worked together: the studies, the false-flag arithmetic, a procedure and a worked example.
Lecturers · Administrators
Contract cheating: how question design raises its cost
What surveys found about contract cheating, how often markers spot bought work, what three countries' laws say, and five designs that narrow the room.
Lecturers · Administrators
False positives in online proctoring: what the studies found
What studies, audits and reported cases found about honest students flagged by proctoring software, why the base rate matters, and how to read a flag.
Lecturers · Administrators
How to monitor students during an online quiz in class
What to watch while a class sits an online quiz, what a logged event means, when to step in and what to say, with one 20-minute test followed minute by minute.
School teachers · Lecturers
Imperial examinations of China: the making of the exam hall
A sourced history of China's civil service examinations: the dates, the cells, the sealed and recopied scripts, the cheating, and what a teacher should not copy.
Everyone
Is cheating getting worse? The cheating panic and the numbers
An opinion piece argued from published surveys: what students admitted before 2020, in 2020 and after chatbots, and what a proportionate response looks like.
Everyone
Lockdown browsers: what they block and what they do not
What the makers of lockdown browsers say they block, what studies and security reviews found, what one costs students and staff, and when it is worth requiring.
Lecturers · Administrators
Online exam policy template for a department: what to settle
What quality bodies and universities publish on online exams, what research says about rules stated in advance, and a model policy a department can adapt.
Lecturers · Administrators
Online midterm exam without proctoring: a lecturer's guide
What studies since 2020 found about unproctored online exams, and how one lecturer designs, briefs, runs and reads a ninety-minute midterm for 60 to 200 students.
School teachers · Lecturers
Online tests in school: an integrity policy that parents accept
What research and regulators say about monitoring pupils in online tests, a table of test types against measures, a one-page policy and the letter to parents.
Administrators · School teachers
Oral exams at scale: recorded spoken answers for a large class
What research says about oral exams, recordings and fairness, and how a course team sets, marks and moderates recorded spoken answers for a class of 180.
School teachers · Lecturers
Proctoring is a trust problem before it is a technology problem
An opinion piece argued from published evidence: what being watched in an exam does to students, why trust comes before software, and where watching is warranted.
Everyone
Questions a chatbot cannot simply answer for a student
What studies since 2023 found when language models sat real exams, seven question designs that raise the cost of outsourcing, and the tricks that do not hold.
Everyone
Quiz answers in the page source: why marking stays on the server
What a browser lets its user read, which quiz tools have exposed answers or scores, what security bodies advise, and five questions to ask of any quiz tool.
Everyone
Remote exam checklist for instructors: before, during, after
A printable checklist for an exam that students sit at home: thirty checks in four lists, a note to send the day before, and what to do in five emergencies.
School teachers · Lecturers
Remote membership exams: four ways for a professional body
Four ways to sit a membership exam when candidates cannot travel, what research and regulators say about remote proctoring, and a plan for six branch rooms.
Administrators · Trainers and course creators
Take-home assignments after ChatGPT: what to set instead
What studies since 2023 found about chatbots and coursework, six things to set beside a take-home task with their costs, and one essay re-set in three parts.
School teachers · Lecturers
The history of proof in education: from the viva to the quiz
A sourced history of the viva, the written examination, the multiple-choice test, coursework, the essay mill and the chatbot, and the doubt each one answered.
Everyone
The honour code: what the research says it does
What studies of honour codes and honesty pledges found, which finding was retracted, and how to word and place a pledge before an online quiz.
School teachers · Lecturers
The oral exam is back: what a recorded answer keeps and gives up
What universities and a schools authority have published on vivas and interactive orals since 2023, what research finds, and what a recorded answer keeps.
Everyone
Time on each question in a quiz: what it can and cannot tell you
What research on response times says about guessing, speed and prior knowledge of the questions, and how to read a class's times without accusing anyone.
School teachers · Lecturers
Webcam proctoring: what it catches, misses and what students say
An evidence review of live, recorded and automated webcam proctoring: scores, false flags, bias, what students say, what courts and regulators decided.
School teachers · Lecturers
What online proctoring can and cannot see, measure by measure
What a browser page, a lockdown browser, a webcam, a microphone, screen recording and a live proctor are each told, what each misses, and how to choose.
Lecturers · Administrators
What to do when students paste your quiz into a chatbot
What studies since 2023 show about chatbots and each question type, how many students say they use one, and seven changes to a quiz, cheapest first.
School teachers · Lecturers
What to tell students before a monitored online test
What research and regulators say students must be told before a monitored online test, when a tick is real consent, and a 150-word notice to adapt.
Administrators · School teachers
Academic integrity in the age of AI: what still proves learning
What studies found when AI-written answers met real marking, why a detector score is never proof, what regulators advise, and what evidence of learning still holds.
Everyone
How much proctoring does an online quiz need? Match the stakes
What studies of proctored and unproctored online tests found, what webcam monitoring costs students, and a ladder that matches each measure to the stakes.
School teachers · Lecturers
Open-book exam or quiz: how to write one that still measures
What studies of open-book and closed-book tests found, three questions rewritten so no page answers them, and a time limit worked out from a trial sitting.
School teachers · Lecturers
Reading the results
AI grading of open answers: how to audit the marks
What studies report on machine marks against human marks, a blind sample audit with thresholds by stakes, a worked class of thirty, and what EdProcto records.
School teachers · Lecturers
Analytic, holistic and single-point rubrics: which to use
The three types of rubric set side by side on one task, what studies found on marker agreement and learning, and how to choose, write and trial one.
School teachers · Lecturers
Classical test theory and item response theory for teachers
The two families of test statistics side by side: what each assumes, how many candidates each needs, who uses which, and which one your quiz results use.
Lecturers · Trainers and course creators
Discrimination index: which questions separate your students
What the Separates figure beside each quiz question means, why a small class makes it jump, when a low value is fine, and what to do when one is negative.
School teachers · Lecturers
Distractor analysis: the wrong answer the whole class chose
How to read who chose each wrong answer after a multiple-choice quiz: four patterns, what each means, and whether to reteach, rewrite, re-key or leave alone.
School teachers · Lecturers
Equating two versions of the same exam: what one class can do
What equating two versions of an exam needs, what studies of small samples found, and what a lecturer with one class can honestly do instead, with a worked sum.
Lecturers · Trainers and course creators
Feedback comments students act on: what to write and where
What studies report on written comments, praise, length and audio, a three-part pattern with examples, a comment bank, and where a note goes in EdProcto.
School teachers · Lecturers
Half the class chose the same wrong answer: what it tells you
Five causes of a popular wrong answer, how the scores of the students who chose it sort them, and whether to re-mark, drop, reteach or rewrite the question.
School teachers · Lecturers
How long should a quiz question take? Reading the timing
What research found about the time a quiz question takes, where the rules of thumb come from, and how each question's median time fixes the next sitting.
School teachers · Lecturers
How to tell guessing from knowing in quiz results
Work out a quiz's chance score, read the spread of wrong answers, confidence ratings and pace, and change the next quiz so that a lucky guess shows.
School teachers · Lecturers
Item difficulty: what a good p-value is for a quiz question
What the Got it figure beside each quiz question means, where the published bands come from, how far class size moves it, and what to do at each end.
School teachers · Lecturers
Moderation of marking: two markers, one standard
What studies report on how far two markers agree, when double marking pays, and a one-meeting moderation procedure with a sample size, a record and an example.
School teachers · Lecturers
Reading a score distribution: six shapes of a class's quiz marks
How a teacher reads the spread of marks from one quiz: four figures, six shapes of the bars, how far chance moves them in a class of thirty, and what to do next.
School teachers · Lecturers
Reading quiz results as a teacher: what to reteach tomorrow
How a class teacher reads last lesson's quiz results in ten minutes, by topic, question and wrong answer, then chooses to reteach, regroup or move on.
School teachers
Should you grade on a curve? What it means and what to do instead
What grading on a curve means, what studies and published rules say, when adjusting a class's test scores is defensible, and how to do it without ranking.
School teachers · Lecturers
Test reliability: Cronbach's alpha for a classroom quiz
What the reliability figure beside a quiz means, how Cronbach's alpha is worked out for six students, what moves it, and what to do when it is low.
School teachers · Lecturers
The question with the wrong answer key: how to spot it
Four signs of a miskeyed quiz question, the innocent cause behind each, a five-step check, what exam boards do when a key is wrong, and how to tell the class.
School teachers · Lecturers
Validity: does your quiz measure what you taught?
What validity means for a quiz today, the two threats to it, five checks a lecturer can run without a psychometrician, and a worked example.
Lecturers · Trainers and course creators
AI grading of short answers: how to check the marks it proposes
What studies found when machines marked short answers, where they fail, how many answers to re-read yourself, and what EdProcto's reader does and leaves to you.
School teachers · Lecturers
Item analysis for teachers: what the numbers mean
What the difficulty, discrimination, option counts and reliability figures on a results page mean, worked by hand for ten students, and what to do next.
School teachers · Lecturers
When to throw out or rescore an exam question after the exam
Five things an exam board can do with a bad question after marking, what each does to the mean and the pass list in a worked class, and what to record.
Lecturers · Administrators
Teaching from the results
A department quiz library for a school: how to build one
Build a shared quiz library for a school department: what research on teacher collaboration found, a naming rule, owners, versions, security and results.
Administrators · School teachers
A diagnostic quiz for the first week: build it, read it, use it
What a first-week diagnostic quiz is for, what research on prior knowledge found, and how to build one, read it the same day and act on it in weeks one and two.
School teachers · Lecturers
A mock exam that predicts the real one: how to build and read it
How to set a mock exam that forecasts the real one: what studies say about mocks and predicted grades, the blueprint, the timing and an honest margin.
School teachers · Tutors
A printed quiz with its answer key, from the same questions
Some students on paper, the rest on screen: what mode-effect research found, which question shapes carry over, and how to mark and record both sittings.
School teachers
A reteaching plan from one quiz: sort, reteach, then re-check
Turn one quiz's results into a reteaching plan: sort the gaps into everyone, a group or leave it, rule out a faulty question, change the lesson, re-check.
School teachers · Lecturers
Do frequent low-stakes quizzes raise course grades? The evidence
What classroom studies and meta-analyses found about frequent low-stakes quizzes: the size of the gain, who gains, where it failed and how often to quiz.
School teachers · Lecturers
Exam prep tutoring: practice papers from the student's own book
A ten-week exam plan for one tutoring student: a weekly practice paper from their own textbook, timed like the exam, whose misses set the next lesson.
Tutors
Extra time in tests: how much, and how to set it per student
What studies and examining bodies say about extra time in tests, how to work out the minutes, and how to give named students a longer clock without fuss.
School teachers · Lecturers
Homework for tutoring students: a quiz that marks itself
Set tutoring homework as a short self-marking quiz between lessons: what the research finds, how much by age, what to ask, and how to read the result.
Tutors
How to run a class quiz on phones with a code
Run a five-to-ten-minute class quiz on students' own phones: the research on devices in lessons, a two-minute start, settings that suit a phone, and a worked lesson.
School teachers
How to show progress in tutoring: a report parents can read
Show a parent what a term of tutoring changed: two matched checks, results by topic, the arithmetic of chance on three questions, and a one-page report.
Tutors
Immediate or delayed feedback: what works for which question
What studies found on immediate and delayed feedback for facts, procedures and written explanations, with a rule for a practice quiz, a graded quiz and an exam.
School teachers · Lecturers
Mastery loops in quizzing: until every concept is secure
Where mastery loops come from, what pooled studies and their critics found, where to set the threshold, and how to run one with a class and check it a month on.
School teachers · Tutors
Online unit test settings that keep it fair for every student
The settings that keep an online end-of-unit test fair: the time limit, shuffling, attempts, going back, held scores, extra time and a rule for a failed device.
School teachers
Pre-test and post-test: measuring what a unit taught
How to run a pre-test and post-test on one unit, what gain scores and the normalised gain can and cannot show, and how to read the pair question by question.
School teachers · Lecturers
Progress reports for parents from quiz results: what to write
How a class teacher turns quiz results into a short report home: what parents misread in grades, what trials of messages found, and a worked example.
School teachers
Quiz feedback students read: when to show the answer
What studies found on when a quiz should show answers, explanations and scores, how to write an explanation in two sentences, and settings for four purposes.
School teachers · Tutors
Retakes and make-ups: a policy that is fair and runs itself
What studies and published rules say about make-up tests, dropped scores and retakes, and how to write a six-line policy that ends case-by-case emails.
School teachers · Lecturers
Retrieval practice in the classroom: how often and how hard
What school and university studies found on how often to quiz and how hard to make it, where desirable difficulty ends, and a weekly routine for one term.
School teachers · Tutors
Small group tutoring: a quiz that runs the session
Plan an hour of small group tutoring around a starter quiz and a closing check: the research, a session plan with timings, and a worked example with five students.
Tutors
Spaced review with a spiral quiz: what returns and how often
What spiral review means, what classroom studies of spaced and mixed practice found, a returning share for each week of a term and how to read the result.
School teachers · Tutors
The pretesting effect: a quiz before you teach
What studies found about quizzing students before a lesson, when a pretest is worth five minutes, and how to run one so that a wrong answer costs nothing.
School teachers · Lecturers
The results summary a head of department can read in a minute
Write the one-page test summary a head of department or course leader reads in a minute: five lines, one small table, a count beside each percentage, one action.
School teachers · Lecturers
The testing effect: what Roediger and Karpicke (2006) found
What the two experiments of 2006 did, what they found at five minutes, two days and a week, what students predicted, and what a teacher can take from them.
Everyone
The weekly quiz at school: low-stakes and cumulative
How to run a low-stakes, cumulative weekly quiz for pupils aged 11 to 16: the mix of new and returning questions, a term's timetable and what to drop first.
School teachers
Two-stage exams: the group part that teaches
What studies of two-stage exams found on group scores, retention, group size and coasting, with weights, timings, a class timetable and the EdProcto set-up.
Lecturers · School teachers
Where the word quiz comes from: the wager story is probably false
What dictionaries and word historians say about where quiz comes from, why the 1791 Dublin wager story fails, and how the word reached school, radio and the pub.
Everyone
Baseline tests for a new intake: how to build and read one
What a baseline test can and cannot tell you about a new intake, what research found on prior attainment and placement, and how a department builds and reads one.
Administrators · School teachers
Common assessments: one quiz across every class in a year group
What a common assessment is for, what the trials of interim testing found, and how a department builds one, reads it by question and acts within a week.
Administrators · School teachers
Diagnostic test for a new tutoring student: the first session
Build a twenty-minute diagnostic for a new tutoring student, read it skill by skill, and turn it into a four-week plan and a short note for the parent.
Tutors
Exit tickets: what to ask and what to do with the answers
What an exit ticket is for, the three questions and the reflection to put on it, what the research shows, and how to read thirty answers in five minutes.
School teachers
How to host a quiz night with a live scoreboard
What research found about competition and leaderboards, how many rounds and questions to plan, how to score and settle ties, and how a live quiz runs.
Everyone
How to make a printable quiz with an answer key
How to make a printable quiz with an answer key: what research found on paper against screens, which questions print well, layout, the key and hand marking.
School teachers · Tutors
Immediate feedback quiz: show each answer at once or at the end?
The same questions can be an exam or a lesson. What research found on feedback timing and type, and when a quiz should show each answer as it goes.
Everyone
Interleaving: when mixed practice quizzes beat blocked practice
What trials and a meta-analysis found on interleaved against blocked practice, when blocking is right, and a ten-question mixed quiz planned week by week.
School teachers · Tutors
Retrieval practice: low-stakes quizzing that teaches
What classroom experiments found about low-stakes quizzing, when in the unit to quiz, how to keep the stakes low, and a routine a teacher can run every week.
School teachers
Student misconceptions: find them with a quiz, fix them in class
How to spot a shared wrong idea in quiz results, tell it from a slip, a gap or a wrong key, and shift it with a ten-minute routine in the next lesson.
School teachers · Tutors
The tutor's weekly check: a four-minute quiz to plan the lesson
A six-question quiz for the first four minutes of every tutoring session: what to ask, why it works, how to space it, and how to keep a record per student.
Tutors
Weekly quizzes in a university lecture course: what works
What studies in university courses found about weekly and daily quizzes and cumulative exams, and how to weight, run, mark and read a quiz for hundreds.
Lecturers
Question shapes and when to use them
Chemical equation questions: writing, balancing and marking
Set chemical equation questions that test more than a routine, write a key that takes every correct typed form, and see two worked examples marked by rule.
Everyone
Compare two images questions: how to write and mark them
Write questions that set two images side by side: what comparison research found, how to choose and prepare the pair, how to mark the reason, two worked examples.
Everyone
Continue the pattern questions for visual reasoning
Write pattern questions with exactly one answer: what series and matrices measure, why more rules make them harder, two worked examples, and how they are marked.
Everyone
Counting quizzes: count the objects, tap the number
What counting is made of, how to draw a counting picture for ages four to seven, which numbers to offer, and how to read a wrong answer the next day.
School teachers · Parents
Define the term questions and a rubric for marking definitions
What a define the term question measures, what a good definition contains, how exam boards use define, and a rubric for definitions with eight answers marked.
Everyone
Easy, hard, easy: question order by difficulty and test anxiety
What research says about ordering test questions by difficulty, what it does to scores, anxiety and the memory of a test, and one quiz arranged three ways.
Everyone
Listening comprehension questions: how to write them for a clip
Write listening comprehension questions that need the clip: what to test, what studies say about replays, speed, preview and notes, and a worked set with its key.
Everyone
Mixed media quizzes: one theme in text, image, audio and video
Plan a mixed media quiz in which every picture and clip earns its place: what studies found, clip length, order, slow connections, access and a worked set.
Everyone
Music performance assessment: recorded singing and playing
Set a recorded singing or playing task, mark it on a four-line rubric, hear twenty-eight takes in a lunch hour and give feedback a student can act on.
Everyone
Pattern quizzes for children: shapes, colours and what comes next
Write what-comes-next pattern questions for children of four to seven: the unit, the ladder of tasks, what studies found, and wrong options that tell you something.
School teachers · Parents
Picture choice questions: when the options are images
Write picture choice questions in which only knowledge separates the images: where they fit, what studies found, how to prepare the pictures, two worked examples.
Everyone
Picture matching quizzes for young children: what a match shows
What matching asks of a child of four to seven, the five kinds of match, how many pairs to set, how to choose the pictures and how to read the swaps.
School teachers · Parents
Rank by likelihood questions for diagnosis, faults and risk
Write rank by likelihood questions whose key comes from published figures or a panel, mark the order by pairs, and give the top place a question of its own.
Everyone
Ranking questions: how to write and score them, with examples
Write ranking questions around one stated criterion, score them by pairs or all or nothing, and see what each student's order reveals, with two worked examples.
Everyone
Recorded presentations as an assessment: task, rubric and marks
Set a recorded presentation as an assessment: write the task, mark it on a four-level rubric, plan the minutes, moderate with a second marker and give feedback.
Everyone
Redlining tests: editing a document with tracked changes
Build an editing test from a text with planted errors, mark it on four counts with a table you can copy, and see a contract clause and a press notice marked.
Everyone
Scaffolded questions: one hard problem, answered in steps
Split one hard problem into steps that each test one decision, mark a later step fairly after an early slip, and fade the steps away, with two worked examples.
Everyone
Sentence ordering questions: rebuilding a jumbled paragraph
Write sentence ordering questions whose order the text itself settles, know what a jumbled paragraph tests, and see two worked examples marked by rule.
Everyone
Sound recognition questions: instruments, animals, letter sounds
What a question that plays a sound measures, what studies of ear training, phonemes, heart sounds and birdsong found, and how to cut, key and license the clip.
Everyone
Spelling quizzes with letter tiles: when and how to use them
What research says about building words from letters, when tiles fit and when typing or handwriting does, and how to read a child's wrong arrangement.
Everyone
Summary questions: testing comprehension in fifty words
What summarising asks of a reader, how to choose the passage and the word limit, a rubric for marking a summary, and four 50-word summaries marked against it.
Everyone
The don't know option on a test: when it helps, how to score it
When a don't know or not sure option helps and when it hurts, what formula scoring and number-right scoring do to cautious students, and how to score it.
Everyone
Timeline questions: putting events in date order
How to choose events for a timeline question, what date order measures and misses, the odds of a lucky guess, and seven events of 1939 to 1945 marked.
Everyone
Two-tier multiple-choice questions: a choice, then the reason
How to write a choice-then-reason question with a model reason and a rubric, and how to mark its two parts, with two worked examples scored three ways.
Everyone
Which question shape to use: a guide to the twelve categories
Choose a question shape from what you want to find out: the research on question formats, twelve categories, a decision table and a worked unit quiz.
Everyone
Assessing graduate students: synthesis, critique and defence
Five short structured tasks for master's and doctoral students, each with a prompt and a rubric by part, and what research found on how far reviewers agree.
Lecturers
Best and worst questions: writing situational judgement items
How to write situational judgement questions that ask for the best and the worst response, agree the key with a panel, and score them fairly.
Lecturers · Trainers and course creators
Case study questions: how to write one scenario that unfolds
Write case study questions on one unfolding scenario: start from the key decisions, reveal facts in stages, mark each decision and use many short cases.
Lecturers · Trainers and course creators
Code reading questions: test programming without a compiler
Assess programming with short code reading questions marked by rule: six question kinds, what the research on tracing found, and a worked Python set with its key.
Lecturers · Trainers and course creators
Confidence-based marking: how it works and when to use it
How confidence-based marking tells knowledge from luck and confident error, the arithmetic that keeps a rating honest, what studies found, and when to leave it out.
School teachers · Lecturers
Handwritten answers in an online exam: photograph and upload
How to set handwritten answers in an online exam: what research found, pages that photograph well, the upload step, consistent marking and a typed route.
School teachers · Lecturers
Hotspot questions: how to write image-click questions
How to write hotspot questions: what a click on an image measures, how large to draw the accepted region, who the shape leaves out, and how map questions fit.
School teachers · Lecturers
Listening questions: should the recording play once or twice?
What a second play does to scores, nerves and what is measured, whether to show the question first, how long a clip should be, and how to set a dictation.
School teachers · Tutors
Maths questions online: how to mark the working, step by step
How to set maths questions online so the method earns marks: the steps to name, a scheme with error carried forward, tolerance, units and three answers marked.
School teachers · Tutors
Memory recall questions: show it, hide it, then ask
How long to show a briefing, a list or a picture before it is hidden, how many items people hold after one look, how long to wait, and who needs more time.
School teachers · Trainers and course creators
Multiple-answer questions: how to write and score them
How to write multiple-answer questions, and one student's answer scored under eight rules, from all or nothing to plus/minus, with what guessing earns.
Everyone
Oral exam questions: how to set and mark recorded spoken answers
What a recorded spoken answer shows that writing cannot, what studies of oral exams found, how to word the prompt, and how to mark speech against a rubric.
School teachers · Lecturers
Parsons problems: what they are, examples and how to score them
What a Parsons problem is, what the research on it found, how to write one, and one wrong answer scored five ways, with two worked examples in Python.
Everyone
Quiz questions for young children: big targets, little reading
How to design a quiz for a child of four to seven: what small hands can do on a touch screen, how little reading to ask for, and what the result cannot tell you.
School teachers · Parents
Translation test questions: how to write and mark them
What a translation question measures, what research on translation in language teaching found, how to write one, and how to mark several right versions.
Everyone
Video quiz questions: how to write questions on a video
What studies of questions on video found, how long a clip should be, what to ask and in which shape, replay and captions, and a worked example with keys.
School teachers · Trainers and course creators
By subject and level
Accounting quizzes: double entry, statements and calculations
Write accounting quiz questions on double entry and the accounting equation, mark a figure exactly, set out a trial balance and read the results by topic.
School teachers · Lecturers
Art history quizzes: looking, identifying and comparing
An art history teacher's plan for quizzes on works of art: the research on looking, five layers of question, a rubric for visual analysis and a worked example.
School teachers · Lecturers
Biology quizzes: diagrams, processes and terms
A biology teacher's plan for quizzes on diagrams, processes and terms, with the research, example questions checked at source, marking rules and a six-week plan.
School teachers
Chemistry quizzes: particles, symbols and calculations
A chemistry teacher's plan for quizzes on particles, symbols and calculations: the research, diagram questions, margins for significant figures and a worked example.
School teachers · Lecturers
Ear training quizzes: intervals, chords and rhythm
Set short ear training quizzes on intervals, chords, cadences and rhythm: what the research found, which tasks mark themselves, and how to make the clips.
School teachers · Lecturers
Economics quizzes: graphs, reasoning and calculation
An economics teacher's guide to quizzes on graphs, reasoning and calculation, with what the research reports, how to mark each kind and a six-question example.
School teachers · Lecturers
English language quizzes by CEFR level, A1 to C1
What the CEFR levels describe, what studies say about vocabulary and test tasks, and what a short English quiz should ask from A1 to C1, with a B1 example.
School teachers · Tutors
GCSE practice quizzes: how to mirror the exam board's format
What an exam board's format means at GCSE, read on the boards' and Ofqual's own pages, and how to build short practice sets with marks, a rubric and topics.
Tutors · School teachers
Geography quizzes: hotspots on maps, graphs and case studies
A geography teacher's guide to quizzes built round the map: fair click-on-the-map questions, scale, contours, graphs, and a ten-question rivers quiz with its key.
School teachers · Lecturers
History quizzes: timelines, sources and argument
A history teacher's plan for quizzes on chronology, sources and argument: the research, checked example questions, marking rules and a half-term timetable.
School teachers
How to help your child with a subject you do not know yourself
Five questions a parent can ask in any subject, why explaining aloud works, how to hold the answers without the knowledge, and when to write to the teacher.
Parents
How to write single-best-answer questions for medical exams
How to write single-best-answer questions for health students: the vignette, the lead-in, five defensible options, a worked example and a colleague's review.
Lecturers · Trainers and course creators
IELTS Listening practice quizzes that play the recording once
The IELTS Listening format as its owners' pages state it, what studies say about practising, and how to build a play-once quiz with typed answers marked by rule.
Tutors · Students
Language tutors: vocabulary, listening and speaking quizzes
Three short quizzes between two language lessons: words typed from memory, clips heard once and answers spoken aloud, with the studies and a worked week.
Tutors
Law quizzes: rules, issue spotting and problem questions
A law lecturer's plan for short quizzes on rules, issue spotting and application: the legal education research, fact patterns, an IRAC rubric and six questions.
Lecturers · Tutors
Literature quizzes: reading checks, quotations and close reading
Write literature quizzes that show who read a set text and who read it closely: rule-marked questions, one close-reading question, a rubric and a worked example.
School teachers · Lecturers
Maths quizzes: testing working, estimation and error
A maths teacher's plan for quizzes that test working, estimation and error: the research, checked example questions, marking rules and a half-term timetable.
School teachers
Nursing and health quizzes: cases, calculations and safety
Write short clinical cases and drug calculation questions for a nursing course, mark a dose exactly with its unit, and read results by topic before a placement.
Lecturers
Philosophy and ethics quizzes: arguments, objections and terms
A teacher's plan for philosophy and ethics quizzes: what studies of argument mapping found, six layers marked by rule, a rubric on reasoning and a worked quiz.
School teachers · Lecturers
Physics quizzes: concepts, units and estimates
A physics teacher's plan for quizzes on concepts, units and estimates: the research, how to mark a number, questions on graphs and a six-question example.
School teachers · Lecturers
Psychology quizzes: concepts, methods and common myths
A psychology teacher's plan for quizzes on terms, application and research methods, with the research on the myths students keep and a six-question example.
School teachers · Lecturers
SAT practice quizzes: question types and timing, by EdProcto
How the digital SAT is built, what studies say about practice and timing, and how to build, time and read short practice sets by question type.
Tutors · Students
Statistics quizzes: reasoning, calculation and reading output
Write statistics quiz questions that test reasoning from data, plots and software output, mark a rounded calculation fairly, and read the results by topic.
Lecturers · School teachers
How to check your child's homework with a quick quiz
Five questions from memory tell a parent more than a finished page: what to ask, how long at each age, what a wrong answer means, and how to keep it kind.
Parents
Testing yourself
A self-study plan from any book: quizzes by chapter
What research says about remembering a book read for interest, and a plan to keep one: ten questions a chapter, two cumulative quizzes, two later returns.
Self-learners
Calculation practice for professional exams: show your working
A routine for dose, discounting and unit-conversion questions: estimate, write every line, check units, compare with a worked solution, re-test what you missed.
Professionals
Case-based practice questions for clinical and legal exams
How to practise vignette and scenario questions for a board or licensing exam so the practice transfers: answer first, rule out every option, review each miss.
Professionals · Self-learners
How to keep professional knowledge current with re-tests
What fades after qualification, what spaced re-testing does for people in practice, and a year's routine of twenty questions in about ten minutes a week.
Professionals
How to know you have learned something, not just read it
The feeling of knowing misleads. Five checks tell real learning from familiarity: recall after a day, explain, new questions, a new case, and again in a week.
Self-learners
How to prepare for a proctored exam: the room, device and rules
A student's checklist for a monitored online exam at home: the week before, the day before, the hour before, during and after, and what studies say goes wrong.
Students
How to revise for an exam in two weeks with practice tests
A fourteen-day revision plan built on practice tests: triage from one diagnostic quiz, a day-by-day table, and the research on cramming, spacing and sleep.
Students · Self-learners
How to study a set textbook across a term, chapter by chapter
A reading routine for one textbook chapter and a three-layer plan for the term: the new chapter, the last one and an old one, with the research behind each step.
Students · Self-learners
Learning to code alone: how to check you understand the code
Following a tutorial is not the same as understanding it. A weekly self-check of five kinds of question, from your own chapter, shows what you can do unaided.
Self-learners
Licensing exam revision from your own notes: a six-week plan
A blueprint-led plan for a nursing, medical, law, accountancy, engineering or teaching licence: questions from your own notes, scored by outline area.
Professionals
Multiple-choice strategy: what the research says about guessing
What studies say about guessing, blanks, penalties, folk rules and skipping on a multiple-choice test, with a five-step routine and a worked example.
Students
Past papers: how to use them and turn one into a practice quiz
A past paper revision method: sit it timed, mark it against the mark scheme, sort the lost marks by topic and kind, then quiz yourself on the weak topics.
Students
Quizzes for children who cannot read yet: pictures and sounds
What a child of three to six can show by tapping, what health bodies say about screens under five, a five-minute session, and a fair picture question.
Parents
Spaced revision: a re-test timetable for one term
A twelve-week revision timetable for six topics, built on re-tests one, two and four weeks apart, with the spacing research behind it and a plan for bad weeks.
Students · Self-learners
Spelling practice at home: quizzes that teach
What research says about spelling lists, tests, copying and spacing, a ten-minute routine for four evenings, and one worked week of ten words with a child's tries.
Parents
Studying for a certification on your own: a quiz per module
Plan self-study for a certification from the exam's published outline: a quiz for each module, a readiness rule built on scores, and a fix for a weak domain.
Self-learners
Test anxiety techniques that the studies support
What trials found to help with test anxiety and what failed when repeated, with a plan for the week before, the night before and the first five minutes.
Students
Your online exam attempt was flagged: what happens next
What a flag on your online quiz or exam attempt is, what published procedures give a student, what to do in order, and what an honest explanation looks like.
Students
A daily practice quiz routine for your child: ten minutes a day
A ten-minute evening quiz for children aged 5 to 14: what to ask, what to do with a wrong answer, how to avoid a fight, and what the research really supports.
Parents
CPD evidence: how to show what you learned from a course
A certificate of attendance proves you were in the room. Five questions, two re-tests and a three-part entry turn a course into CPD evidence of learning.
Professionals
How to make your own quiz to study from a chapter
A study method for any chapter: turn it into a quiz, answer from memory, check, retry the misses and come back in a few days, with the research behind it.
Students · Self-learners
How to study a whole textbook with quizzes, chapter by chapter
A ten-week plan for a 20-chapter book: a quiz on every chapter, a map of what is held and what has faded, old chapters mixed in, and the research behind it.
Students · Self-learners
How to study for a professional exam while working full time
A plan for a licensing, board or certification exam on five to eight hours a week: questions before re-reading, spaced re-tests and topics weighted by the outline.
Professionals
How to test yourself when learning a language on your own
Recognising a word is not producing it. A self-test for vocabulary, grammar, listening, reading and speaking, the research behind each, and a weekly plan.
Self-learners
How to test yourself when you are learning on your own
With no teacher, nobody tells you what you do not know. Build the checks yourself: a test for each unit, a rule for known, widening re-tests and a record.
Self-learners
Spaced repetition schedule: when to take a quiz again
When to re-test yourself and how far apart, with what the spacing studies measured, how Leitner boxes and SM-2 set a date, and two timetables worked to the day.
Students · Self-learners
Times tables practice at home that is different every day
What knowing a times table means, the order to learn the tables in, a two-week plan for one table, and what research says about timed practice and maths anxiety.
Parents
What to do with the questions you got wrong on a practice test
A wrong answer is the most useful thing a practice test gives you. Sort each miss, fix it by its kind, retry from memory and bring it back on later days.
Students · Self-learners
Hiring, training and certification
A training certificate that means something: what to include
What a course certificate should state, how to set the pass mark behind it, which records to keep and how an employer can verify it, with a worked example.
Trainers and course creators · Employers
Aptitude tests for hiring: what they measure and how to use them
What numerical, verbal, logical and mechanical reasoning tests measure, how well they predict job performance, and a fair way to use a score in a small hiring round.
Employers
Certification exams online for a small training provider
How a small training provider runs its own end-of-course exam online, cohort after cohort: what the certificate is, retakes, appeals, records and a worked example.
Employers · Trainers and course creators
Coding interview practice: read code before you write it
A three-week coding interview practice plan built on reading code: tracing, finding the bug, ordering lines and explaining, with two marked examples.
Professionals
CPD quizzes for members: recording what was learned
How a membership body ends each CPD activity with a short quiz: what regulators ask of CPD records, what research shows, a worked webinar and the record kept.
Administrators · Trainers and course creators
How to learn a company's product before the interview
A five-evening plan to learn a company's product, pricing and customers from its public pages, with the selection research, a worked fact sheet and ten questions.
Self-learners · Professionals
How to write a situational judgement test for your own workplace
Build a situational judgement test for one role from real incidents: the research, the scoring key, a worked example and what the score can claim.
Employers · Trainers and course creators
Knowledge check questions for training: three per module
How to write three knowledge check questions for each module of a workshop, read a room's answers in two minutes, and decide what to repeat before moving on.
Trainers and course creators
Reasoning tests for hiring, made fresh for every candidate
Why a fixed hiring test leaks, how rule-made questions give each candidate their own set, how far two scores differ by chance, and how to run a round.
Employers
Recorded interview questions: how to practise answers aloud
What studies of one-way video interviews found, a two-week routine for practising answers aloud, a checklist for your recording and one answer before and after.
Professionals
Refresher training: test what staff still know six months on
How much staff remember months after a course, what slows the loss, and how to run a refresher test that measures the gap by topic and helps close it.
Trainers and course creators · Employers
Situational judgement tests: how they are scored, how to practise
How each situational judgement test format is scored, what studies of coaching, retesting and faking found, and how a candidate can practise honestly.
Professionals
Technical screening: code reading questions before the interview
How a small software team writes a twenty-minute code reading screen, sets the bar with its own engineers, runs it fairly and reads the marks before the interview.
Employers
Aptitude test practice: numerical, verbal and logical reasoning
Twelve reasoning question types worked step by step, the usual wrong turn in each, a pace in seconds, when to guess, and a one-week practice plan.
Professionals · Students
Compliance training quiz: write one that shows understanding
Write a compliance training quiz from your own policy that nobody passes without reading it, keep an honest record, and find the clause people misread.
Employers · Trainers and course creators
How to prepare for a pre-employment test or aptitude test
What each kind of pre-employment test is for, what practice honestly changes, how to practise each kind in a few days, and what to do on the day.
Professionals
How to set a pass mark or cut score you can defend
How to set a pass mark or cut score for a certification exam: the main methods, a worked Angoff example with five judges, and the record that defends it.
Administrators · Trainers and course creators
How to write an exam blueprint for a certification
How to write an exam blueprint for a certification: where the weights come from, a worked table for a 60-question paper, and how to check each paper against it.
Administrators · Trainers and course creators
Onboarding knowledge checks for new hires: the first 90 days
Build a short onboarding quiz for each module, repeat it over a new hire's first ninety days, and read the results for what your onboarding material fails to teach.
Employers · Trainers and course creators
Pre-test and post-test for training: how to prove it worked
How to write a matched pre-test and post-test for a training course, work out the normalised gain, report it on one page, and re-test weeks later.
Trainers and course creators
Product knowledge tests for hiring, from your own material
How to build a job knowledge test from your own product and process documents, what the selection research says such tests predict, and how to run one fairly.
Employers · Trainers and course creators
Quizzes for an online course: from lesson checks to certificate
Where quizzes belong in an online course you sell, how to write each kind, and what the certificate should state so that it is worth having.
Trainers and course creators
Tools, compared
How many attempts should a quiz allow? Retakes by purpose
What studies found on quiz retakes, unlimited attempts and which score counts, with the number of attempts, the wait and what to show for five purposes.
School teachers · Lecturers
How to share a quiz with other teachers as a kit they can copy
How to share a quiz with colleagues as a kit: the research on reusing teaching materials, five checks before you share, and how a copy is opened and edited.
School teachers · Tutors
How to share an online quiz with students by code or link
How to give an online quiz to a class by code, link or QR code, on phones or laptops, in the room or at home, and what to do when the first five minutes go wrong.
School teachers · Tutors
Negative marking: does it stop guessing, and what does it cost?
What negative marking does to guessing, omitted answers and fairness, the arithmetic for two to five options, which exams dropped it, and how to set it.
School teachers · Lecturers
Partial credit: when it is fair and when it hides gaps
When part marks are fair and when all or nothing is the honest rule, by question shape and purpose, with the research and one class marked both ways.
School teachers · Lecturers
Quiz certificates that can be checked by code: how to issue one
How to issue a quiz certificate that anyone can check by its code: what it should state, what it must never claim, the pass mark first, and a worked example.
Employers · Trainers and course creators
Ready-made quiz kits by subject and level: how to pick one
When a ready-made quiz is the right tool, a five-minute check for judging one, and when a teacher, a tutor or a parent should write from their own material.
Everyone
Should students be able to go back and change quiz answers?
What studies say about letting students go back and change quiz answers, what locking answers does to scores, time and anxiety, and when to switch it off.
School teachers · Lecturers
Shuffling questions and answers: what it prevents, what it breaks
What shuffling questions and options stops, what studies say about order, key position and fairness, what a shuffle breaks, and how to set it quiz by quiz.
School teachers · Lecturers
Time limits per quiz and per question: what the evidence says
What studies say about timed quizzes, extra time, test anxiety and a clock on each question, and how to set a time limit from a colleague's trial sitting.
School teachers · Lecturers
Choosing a quiz tool for a school: the questions to ask
Eight questions a school should put to any quiz or assessment vendor, the evidence and public guidance behind each, a pilot plan, and EdProcto's own answers.
Administrators · School teachers
How to make a quiz from a PDF, and check every question
Turn a chapter, lecture slides or a scanned handout into a quiz. Get the text out, choose the shapes, generate the questions, then check each one against the page.
Everyone
Online quiz settings explained: Practice, Standard quiz and Exam
What each online quiz setting does, which to choose for practice, a weekly quiz and a unit test, the research behind the choices, and three presets to start from.
School teachers · Lecturers