Cloze passage

Why this shape

Several gaps in a paragraph test grammar, vocabulary and fluency together: the student must hold the sense of the whole passage to fill each gap.

An example. The water ____ describes how water moves between the ____, the air and the land.

What it is

A text question asks the student to produce the answer rather than recognise it: a word, a phrase, a sentence, a paragraph. The shorter the answer, the more it can be marked by rule against a list of accepted answers; the longer, the more it needs a reader with a rubric.

Why it is needed

Recognising an answer and producing it are different acts, and the second is the one most work asks for. A short typed answer removes the guess: there are no options to pick from, so the student either knows the term, the value or the sentence or they do not. A longer answer shows reasoning, structure and the ability to say a thing in one's own words.

When to use it

Use one-word and short-answer shapes where the answer is a fact with a clear form: a term, a name, a number, a translation. Use gaps for grammar and vocabulary in context. Use open answers where the reasoning matters, and give a model answer and a rubric so the marking is consistent.

How to write one well

Decide what counts before writing: list every accepted spelling and form for a short answer, and switch the one-letter slip on where spelling is not the point. For open answers, write the model answer first and the rubric second, with the points each element earns. Set a word limit that fits the answer you want, not the time you have.

For cloze passage in particular. Blank the words that carry meaning, not the articles.

Mistakes to avoid

A short-answer question with many right ways to say the answer and only one listed. A gap that can take several sensible words. An open question with no rubric, so every reader marks differently. A word limit so tight that the answer cannot be given, or so loose that the question invites padding.

How EdProcto marks it

EdProcto marks short text by rule against the accepted list, with case, spacing and punctuation ignored and a one-letter slip allowed when you say so. Gaps are marked gap by gap. Open answers wait in your grading queue: you grade each against your model answer and rubric, or ask Procto AI on that answer and keep or change its mark; nothing is released until you release it.